Phase Rule
Using the Gibbs Phase rule, boiling pure water produces a thermodynamic system with one degree of freedom. How many phases are in the system?
Expand Hint
Gibbs Phase Rule (non-reacting systems):
$$$P+F=C+2$$$
where
$$P$$
is the number of phases making up a system,
$$F$$
is the degrees of freedom, and
$$C$$
is the number of components in a system.
Hint 2
Because the water being boiled is pure, there is only one component in the system.
Gibbs Phase Rule (non-reacting systems):
$$$P+F=C+2$$$
where
$$P$$
is the number of phases making up a system,
$$F$$
is the degrees of freedom, and
$$C$$
is the number of components in a system.
Because the water being boiled is pure, there is only one component in the system. Thus,
$$$P+1=1+2$$$
$$$P=1+2-1=2$$$
There are two phases in the system. This makes sense because boiling water (also called saturated liquid water) produces saturated steam simultaneously.
2
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